As the crow flies – Euclidian distance

Euclidean Distance Calculator Enter two vectors (same length), separated by commas or spaces. Example: 1, 2, 3 and 4 5 6. Vector A Vector B Compute Clear The phrase “as the crow flies” means the shortest distance between two points in a straight line, without considering roads, turns, or obstacles. Euclidian distance The direct, straight-line … Read more

Z-Score Normalization calculator

Z-Score Normalization Paste numbers (comma, space, tab, or newline separated). Formula: z = (x − μ) / σ Values Standard deviation: Sample (n − 1)Population (n) Decimals Normalize Count: – Mean μ: – SD σ: – Min: – Max: – # Original (x) z If all values are identical (σ = 0), z is shown … Read more

Creating python virtual environment

A virtual environment is an isolated workspace for your Python projects.It helps you manage dependencies for each project separately — so your global Python setup stays clean. Step 1: Open Command Prompt or PowerShell Navigate to your project folder using: (Replace <project_directory> with your actual project path, for example:) Step 2: Create a Virtual Environment … Read more

Recurring Deposit Calculator

Recurring Deposit (RD) Calculator Calculate maturity amount, total deposit, and interest earned. Monthly deposit (₹) Annual interest rate (% p.a.) Tenure MonthsYears Compounding frequency Monthly (simpler)Quarterly (common in India) Deposit timing End of monthBeginning of month Calculate Reset Maturity amount ₹ 0 Total deposit ₹ 0 Interest earned ₹ 0 Note: Quarterly option compounds every … Read more

Maximum water in container problem

We want to find out how much water can be held between two sticks. The heights of our sticks are: height = [1, 2, 4, 3]Indexes ( 0, 1, 2, 3) We use two pointers: one at the left end and one at the right end.Formula for water:area = min(height[left], height[right]) × (right – left) … Read more

Blind 75 Problem List

Arrays & Hashing Two Pointers Sliding Window Stack Binary Search Linked List Trees Tries Backtracking Heap / Priority Queue Graphs Dynamic Programming (1D) Dynamic Programming (2D)

From Steam to Silicon: Comparing the Industrial Revolution and America’s AI Revolution

Every era of human history has its defining transformation, a moment when society takes a giant leap forward and never looks back. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, that transformation was the Industrial Revolution—a sweeping wave of technological, economic, and social change that turned Britain, and later the United States, into the workshop of the … Read more

How Insertion Sort Works?

Think about playing cards: you start with one card in your hand, then pick up cards one by one and slide each into its correct position. That’s exactly how insertion sort works. Let’s see it in action with this list: [7, 3, 5, 2, 6] Pass 1: Pick the 2nd card (Key = 3) Result:[3, … Read more